The adults are practically microscopic and live in the wall of the small intestine. Thread worms occur commonly in baby pigs. Large Roundworms are easily treated with ivermectin or fenbendazole. They then migrate through the liver to the lungs, finally reaching the trachea where they are coughed up, swallowed and returned to the small intestine to develop into adults. Roundworms can cause pneumonia, unthriftiness, failure to gain weight, rough hair coat, intestinal blockage, pendulous abdomen, chronic paroxysmal coughing and occasionally, abdominal expiratory dyspnea (“thumping”). Heavy infections can result in hundreds of ascarids in the intestine of a single pig. The eggs are ingested then hatch in the intestine, the larvae migrate through the wall and via the blood enter the liver. Symptoms or complications of roundworm infestation will not show until the parasite has taken a significant toll on your pig's health. The eggs can be transported by infested pigs, insects, fomites, blowing dust, pig manure, and effluent. They remain viable in swine effluent water for at least 14 months. suum eggs are extremely hardy and can survive for as long as 15 years in the environment. This parasite is zoonotic, it can be passed between pigs, humans, and other pets. Even single pig households are susceptible to large roundworms. The adult parasite is a long white worm similar in size/shape to a spaghetti noodle. Large Roundworms are a common parasite infecting pigs. Most of the damage is found in the liver, which becomes heavily scarred, and in nearby muscle tissue. From the liver, larvae migrate to areas around and in the kidneys and even into back muscle. Larvae then move from the small intestine and eventually into the liver, where they remain for two to four months. Other organs such as the lungs and spleen may also be infected. Pigs may become exposed to infective larvae by ingestion, skin penetration, and ingestion of infected earthworms.
Wooded lots and shaded farrowing pens often become contaminated areas where larvae hatch from eggs and enter the soil. Kidney Worms cause an unthrifty appearance, slow growth, poor feed conversion and occasionally death.
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